Recent studies on human subjects suggest that the required intake of magnesium cannot always be guaranteed by following a normal diet. Hence making the magnesium supplement in a bio-available form is essential.

Citrates and Malates are potential energy substrate molecules and as magnesium Citrate Malate there is increased absorption of magnesium as well as positive nutrition with excellent physiological effects.

Both Malic acid and Citric acid are a -hydroxy carboxylic acids and the corresponding anions are key intermediates in the major biochemical energy-producing cycle in cells known as Krebs cycle. Also malic acid component of the blend imparts greater taste- blending and flavour fixing abilities thus making Magnesium Citrate Malate unique magnesium supplementation source in fortification of foods and functional drinks.

The Food and Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine of the United States National Academy of Sciences has recommended the following Adequate Intake (AI) and Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) values for magnesium:

Nutritional role of magnesium

In addition to the fundamental importance of this mineral for cellular energy metabolism, magnesium also plays an essential role in the structure of various cell components, such as cell nucleus cell walls.

Magnesium supplementation may provide a new therapeutic approach to reduce the risk of vascular disease in diabetic conditions.

From the great variety of magnesium’s biological functions and their importance for the human body, it is important to have an adequate supply of this element and that a deficiency will inevitably have serious consequences.

Cramps in calves, thighs, toes and soles of feet

Muscle tremors, tingling in arms and legs

Sleep disturbances and poor concentration

Nervousness

Nausea and constipation

Cardiac arrhythmia.

Due to increasingly common sub optimal magnesium in many countries, which become particularly evident in situation of heightened need (pregnancy, emotional and physical stress), oral magnesium supplementation has gained a lot of importance.

Nutritional significance of Malate

Malic acid, an alpha-hydroxy organic acid, is sometimes referred to as a fruit acid. This is because, malic acid is found in apples and other fruits. It is also found in plants and animals, including humans. In fact, malic acid, in the form of its anion malate, is a key intermediate in the major biochemical energy-producing cycle in cells known as the citric acid or Krebs cycle located in the cells’ mitochondria.

Nutritional significance of Citrate

Citrate is a naturally occurring substance in the body, a metabolic product formed at the beginning of the energy cycle. During the tricarboxylic acid cycle, carbohydrates, fatty acids and proteins are broken down to provide energy. Citrate being a "energy rich" moiety, helps to deliver the associated "mineral" nutrients and ensure its readily availability for absorption in the system.

Inorganic magnesium salts taken up from the soil by the plants are converted into complex organic compounds, which contain citrate in particular. Nothing can be more natural than to select a magnesium source of food fortification which is ingested naturally with plant –based foods, thus only the part which nature can no longer provide, under the circumstances, is supplemented as Magnesium Citrate Malate.

Magnesium Citrate Malate in functional drinks and sports nutrition

Experience with sports nutrition market suggests that sporty, good-tasting health-promoting fit and fun functional drinks fortified with essential minerals mainly calcium and magnesium will become an increasingly important feature of today’s fitness- performance and health conscious society.

Athletes must drink sufficient quantities of liquid at the right times. Any athlete who does not "refuel" with the right drink in good time runs the risk of loss of performance. A consequence of the intensive muscle work during sports is that the Body loses water and minerals through sweating. If this loss of fluid is not compensated there is a danger of "blood thickening", resulting in poorer delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the tissues. Metabolic products that accumulate, such as lactic acid, are eliminated less efficiently. The outcome of all this is that the muscles become "acidic", performing less well, and the body’s heat-regulation mechanisms become disrupted. As a little as a 2% loss of fluid is enough to cause some impairment, and with 4% loss of fluid the loss of minerals already begins to cause muscle cramps, lethargy, and retching.

The ideal sports drink contains essential minerals such as calcium and magnesium, trace elements, and easily assimilable carbohydrates.

With calcium-and magnesium-en-riched drinks athletes should drink not only after competing for rapid electrolyte substitution, but also before and during physical exercise to compensate for initial losses of sweat and minerals.

Thus along with other mineral supplements, Calcium Citrate, Calcium Malate, and Magnesium Citrate Malate play a key role in "food fortification" in sports nutrition.